'Merchants or manufacturers? British methods in foreign trade, 1870-1939' in S Yonekawa & H Yoshihara (eds), Proceedings of the Fuji Conference, 13, 1987. Business history of general trading companies

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  • Name General trading cos

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As the West had no exact parallel with the Japanese general trading company, this article describes how their functions - selling and marketing - were carried on by three leading British manufacturing companies - ICI Ltd [ie Nobel Explosives Ltd and Brunner Mond Ltd] and Lever Brothers / Unilever Ltd - describing in particular processes and structures in place largely in the interwar years