EMI Ltd

Notes:

Established in 1931 as Electric & Musical Industries Ltd (EMI) through merger of Gramophone Co Ltd, Colombia Graphophone Co Ltd and Parlophone Co Ltd. Initially made gramophones, records, radios and their accessories. Established Abbey Road Studios. In late 1930s diversified into electrical appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, irons and, latterly, televisions. Also involved in radar development and other military equipment, 1939-45. After 1945 made much equipment, eg cameras, transmitters, for the emerging television industry. Also made medical imaging equipment. 1955 acquired the important Capitol Records business in USA to strength its music sales there and in 1960s developed important pop music recording interests. c1970 acquired Associated British Picture Corp. 1971 renamed EMI Ltd and Gramophone Co Ltd renamed EMI Records Ltd. From 1970s music publishing developed into a major activity largely through acquisitions which latterly included Chysalis Records from 1989 and Virgin Records from 1992. This business was brought to public notice in mid 1970s through its contract with the punk band, Sex Pistols, the behaviour of which band created public outrage resulting in reputational damaged to EMI and the cancellation of its contract with SP. A significant film producer in 1970s and 80s via EMI Films. 1979 merged with Thorn Electrical Industries Ltd to form Thorn EMI Ltd. Demerged 1996 as EMI Group Plc when largely a music publishing business. 2007 acquired by Terra Firma Capital Partners, a private equity firm led by Guy Hands. In 2011, when in rapid decline, it was acquired by Citigroup; it was subsequently broken up